Tuesday, January 24, 2012

Post 9 : Thisen-Sâng/BP Sâng (Hypertension)

Thisen sâng chu engnge? 
Thisen sâng hi Mizo ṭawnga hrilhfiah han tum chhin ila:  Lungin thisen a ‘pump’ chhuah hian taksa bung hrang hrangah thisen zâm kal tlangin thisen a pe a. Chung thisen zâm chhunga “pressure”  chu a nih tûr aia a lo sân hian thisen-sâng  an ti ṭhin a ni.  Thisen sân leh sân loh (blood pressure=BP)  tehna hi “BP Apparatus” (Sphignomanometer) an ti a. BP chhinchhiahnaa a sâng lam hi “Systolic pressure” an ti a, a hniam lam hi “Diastolic pressure” an ti  thung.  Khawvêl ram hrang hrangah thisen-sâng  sawifiah dân a dang hret hret thei a,  British Hypertension Society hovin an hrilhfiah dân chu hetiang hi a ni:

A pangngaia ngaih chin
Systolic (mmHg)
Diastolic(mmHg)
*duhthusâm
<120
<80
*Ṭha pangngai
<130
<85
*Ṭha thawkhat
130-139
85-89
Thisen-sâng


*Grade 1 (mild)
140-149
90-99
*Grade 2 (moderate)
160-179
100-109
*Grade 3 (severe)
> 180
> 110
Systolic chauh sâng (Isolated systolic hypertension)


*Grade 1
140-149
<90
*Grade 2
> 160
<90


Thisen-sâng chu engtia lo awm nge?  
BP sâng zinga 90% emaw lai hi a chhan hriat mai  loh an ni a, hetiang BP sâng hi  ‘Essential Hypertension’  an ti.  A chhan puh tûr awm ho hi “Secondary Hypertension” an ti thung.
Essential Hypertension hi a chhan chiah hriat loh ni mahse hêng a hnuaia mite hi a kaihhnawih tih chu hriat a ni:
·         Genetic (pianpui):  BP sâng hi chhungkuaah leh thlah chhâwng hovah a awm duh bîk an ti.
·         Pian tirha rihna hniam (low birth weight): Heng ho hian puitlin hnuah BP sâng an nei duh bîk nia chhût a ni.
·         Thau lutuk: An zingah BP sâng nei an tam bîk.
·         Zu in tam : zu in tam ho zingah BP sâng an tam. Amaherawhchu, tlêm tlêma in ṭhin ho chu mi pangngai aiin an BP a hniam thei thung.
·         Chi al ei tam: BP sâng leh chi al ei tam hi an inlaichîn bawk.
·         Zun thlum (diabetes) kaihhnawih: BP sâng leh zun thlum hi a inkawp duh viau bawk.
Secondary Hypertension  awmtirtu pawimawh zualte chu:
·         Kal (kidneys) ṭha lo:  BP sâng chhan hriat zinga 80% chuang hi kal lam ṭhat loh vâng a ni.
·         Kawchhûng lam ‘gland’ (Endocrine glands) dik lohna:
o   Conn’s syndrome
o   Cushing’s syndrome
o   Adrenal hyperplasia
o   Pheochromocytoma, adt.
·         Damdawi ṭhenkhat – na chhâwkna chi khat NSAIDs an tih ho te, chhang khâtna (oral pills) te, steroids leh adt.
·         Naupai laiin BP a sâng  thei bawk.
·         Pianpui lung/thisen zâm  ṭha lo – Coarctation of aorta.

Thisen sâng chu engtinnge a lo lanchhuah ṭhin?  Thisen a sâng hle a nih loh chuan taksaah insawisêlna êm êm a awm lo fo ṭhin. Chuvangin, kum 40 vêl kai tawh tân chuan a khât tâwka BP check fo a ṭha.  Mi ṭhenkhat chu an BP sâng mahse anmahni hriat dânah engmah harsatna an neih loh chuan inenkawl vak pawh ṭûl lovin an hria a, hei hi thil âtthlak leh hlauhawm tak a ni.  Vawilehkhatah Stroke emaw lungphu châwl (heart attack) emaw an nei thut thei a ni.  
Thisen sâng a nasat viau erawh chuan lu nâ, lu hai, mit vai ruai angtein a langchhuak thei.

Thisen sâng pawikhawih theih lâr zualte (Complications):
·         Stroke: Thisen sâng nei zingah Stroke hi a lêt rukin a tam.
·         Lungphu châwl: Thisen sâng ho zingah hian mi pangngai aiin a lêt thumin lungphu châwla thi an tam.
·         Kal nâ: Kal lam ṭha lo hian BP sâng a siam thei ang bawkin BP sâng hrim hrim hian kal ṭha lo a siam thei bawk.
·         Kut leh ke hmâwr lam thisen kal ṭha lo a thlen thei bawk.
‘Malignant Hypertension’ :  Thisen sâng nasa tak, ‘Diastolic BP’ pawh 120 leh a aia sâng sawina a ni.  Mit a khawih chhe tel a, lu nâ, lu hai leh mit khaw hmuh fiah lo tein a lang chhuak fo ṭhin. Rang taka enkawl nghâl loh chuan za zêla 90 vêl laiin kum 1 chhûngin an thihpui ṭhin.

Test tih ngaite:  Thisen sâng awmtîrtu chhui chhuah nan Test chi hrang hrang doctor-in an râwn ṭhin. A tlangpuiin hengte hi i test a ngai ang:
·         Thisen:   urea, electrolytes, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol.
·         Zun:  sugar, protein, RBCs, adt.
·         ECG/ECHO – lung lam enna
·         Ultrasound – a bîk takin kal (kidneys) en nân
·         Fundoscopy – mit chhûng lam enna

A enkawl dan:  Thisen sâng a nasa hle a nih loh chuan a tîrah damdawi ei nghâl mai tûr a ni lo.  BP chu eng ang chiaha sâng nge tih enfiah hmasak zet a ṭûl a, ni khat chhûngin a danglam em tih te an enfiah bawk ṭhin. Ram changkângah chuan nilênga (24 hours) BP endikna hmanrua te an nei.
BP tisângtu taksaah natna dang a awm leh awm loh enfiah pahin, damdawi tel lova inenkawl  hmasak phawt a ṭha a, a hnuaia mi ang hian tih a ṭangkai:
·         Rihna tihhniam
·         Thau lam ei tlêm
·         Chi al ei tlêm
·         Zu in tlêm
·         Mei zûk bânsan
·         Exercise – ni tin minit 30 chhûng tal kêa kal tûr
·         Thei leh thlai hring ei tam

Damdawi hmanga enkawlna:  BP sân dâna zirin damdawi pêk tûr doctor-in a ruahman ang. A tlangpuiin:
Ø  BP 160/100 vêl a nih reng chuan damdawi ei ṭan tur a ni.
Ø  BP  a sâng lam (systolic) 140 aṭanga 159 inkâr leh a hniam lam (diastolic) 90 aṭanga  99 inkâr ho hi chu zun thlum emaw natna dang an neih chuan damdawi ei ṭan tho tur a ni. Natna dang an neih lêm loh chuan la enthlâk rih deuh a pawi lo.
Ø  Damdawia enkawlnain a tum chu:  BP 140/85 aia hniama dah a ni a, zun thlum vei erawh chu BP 130/80 aia hniama dah a ṭha.
Ø  Thisen sâng nei tam ber chuan damdawi chi hnih emaw a aia tam emaw an mamawh thei bawk.

In lama inenkawl dân:  Thisen sâng enkawlnaah hian a veitu inpêkna leh tumruhna a pawimawh hle. Thisen sâng tam ber hi natna dang angin  ‘dam hlen’ chi a ni ve lo va, damdawi leh thil danga dam chhûng inenkawl ngai a ni tih hi hriat hmasak phawt a ṭûl. Inenkawl nguna BP a pangngaia dah reng theih erawh chuan mi dam ṭha pangngai ang tho kan ni thei tih hre bawk ila.
Doctor-in damdawi a chawh rêng rêng kha dik taka ei tur a ni a, damdawi ei veleh thisen kha a hniam nghâl sawt sawt dawn lo va, damdawi hnathawh lan nan hun engemaw chen a duh ṭhin tih hriat a pawimawh bawk. Chuvangin, ni hnih khat hnuah kan BP a hniam nghâl mai lo a nih pawhin damdawi kha ei zawm zêl tho tur a ni.
BP hi mahni pawhin inen harsa lo tak a ni a, a hmanrua mahniin neih theih phei chuan a ṭha leh zual.  Damdawi rêng rêng hian side-effect an nei vek a, chuvangin, damdawi ei hnuah emaw ei laiin emaw insawisêlna neih chuan  doctor râwn thuai tur a ni. 
Inenkawlna chungchângah engemaw hriat thiam loh neih chuan doctor zawh fiah hreh loh tur a ni a, damloin a inenkawlna chungchâng engkim a hriat thiam ve chuan amahah ṭan nasa takin a la ve thei a, a damna turin phûr takin a thawk ve thei dâwn a ni.  A tawp berah chuan BP sâng enkawlnaah hian chhungkuaa ṭan tlân a pawimawh êm êm tih i hria ang u.



12 comments:

  1. Ka bengvar leh ta! A va han lawmawm thin tak em! Mizo zingah thisen sang nei kan tam tawh avangin he post hi post tangkai tak a ni tih a lang reng mai.

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    1. TS, a lawmawm e. A chhiar tur takin an lo chhiar fuha an lo tangkaipui chuan a lawmawm leh zual ngei ang.

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  2. A va tha tak em. I blog-a i thuziakte reng reng hi kei leh ka chhungte tan chuan a hlu thin vet vet hle mai. A dang pawh lo ziak zel ang che aw.

    Regular taka exercise (heavy lutuk lo)lak hi BP sang tan a hlauhawm nge a tha zawk le?

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    1. @caribou, kan thu ziakte min lo hlutpui thin hi a va lawmawm em! A khat tawkin a dang pawh rawn tihchhuah zel kan tum dawn nia.

      Regular exercise hi BP sang tan te, lung lam tha lo tan te pawh a tangkai em em. Mahse, i sawi ang hian mahni tlin tawk hriat a tha ang a, hah lutuka tih erawh a hlauhawm thei ang.

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  3. Thawnthu angin ngaihnawm ti takinka chhiar e. Han ziak zel rawh khai. I hunawl kan tan thil tangkai a ni si :)

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    1. Pu HV, ngaihnawm ti taka i lo chhiar chu a va lawmawm em! Hetianga in lo comment liam liam hian min tiphur sawt thin a nia! Theih ang angin han ziah zel ka'n tum ang e.

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  4. Lo len luh a va inchhirawm loh thin tak em!

    Daktawr awmlohnaah pawh tih lehkhabu kha kan kawl thin a, ka chhiar nasa thin. Mahse ka tet lai thil a nia, chutiang angah chuan ka in ngai.

    Good Post!

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    1. Krista, lo leng lut fo rawh. In comment hian fuihna nasa tak min pe thin a nia! Topic in mamawh zawngte pawh rawn sawi ula, rawn tih chhuah kan tum thin dawn nia.

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  5. BengvAr thlak leh pek e.. post tha tak ani.

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    1. Angaih, lo chhiar zel rawh khai. Topic dang pawh a lo chuak leh ṭep tawh e.

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  6. I ziak tha hle mai. Hetiang hriselna lam thu ah hian Mizo te hi kan sang vak lo in ka hria, chuvang chuan hetiang lam thuziak tam hi a tha. Ziak zel rawh

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  7. BP sang in enkawl dan ka zawng ngat ngat a ,ka hmu talawmawm hle mai ...140 ka kai ve der mai

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